The Problem
Striving for perfection is much different than striving for progress. Perfection sets us up to create an unattainable standard, while progress is about growth in the process. When we create an unattainable standard, subconsciously this speaks to us that we are not enough as it stands and creates a gap. This gap leaves room for self-doubt, through thoughts, emotions, and unwanted pressure. Sometimes even performance anxiety.
The truth is that many high performing individuals are driven by results. The nature of high performance is competition. But when it comes to high performance, how can we optimize our way to achieve great results without adding the pressure of competition? Here we will discuss what is happening behind the scenes to better understand a pathway forward.
For simplicity we can divide individuals into two populations, task vs. ego-oriented individuals. A task orientation implies the individual is motivated by and operates from a more process-oriented approach. An ego orientation implies that the individual is motivated by outcome. Both types are centered around competence. Task orientation says, "I do it for the sake of getting better", whereas ego orientation says, "I do it for the external validation".
Studies find that females have a higher task orientation than males, and that individual sports vs. team sports have higher task orientation. Concluding that males on a team sport would have the highest ego orientation.
"The task orientation operates when the athlete’s actions are primarily motivated by personal mastery, improvement, and achievement of higher ability. Success and failure are defined subjectively by the athlete’s self-referenced perceptions of his or her performance. Ego orientation is characterized by an athlete whose actions are primarily motivated by demonstrating normative competence. An athlete operating primarily in an ego-oriented state is characterized by actions motivated to demonstrate normative competence such as beating an opponent, demonstrating superior ability, and or showing off."(Lochbaum, 2016)
So how do we optimize? Not that either orientation is right or wrong. It's not about that. It's about how do we learn to operate optimally, in flow, without undue pressure, and without negative thoughts or emotions that can interrupt flow.
The Path Forward
The differentiation between task and ego orientations is a key insight. Task-oriented individuals focus on personal growth and mastery, which can foster a healthier mindset and greater resilience. In contrast, ego-oriented individuals may chase external validation, which can lead to stress and fear of failure.
To optimize performance without the pressures of competition, consider the following strategies:
Cultivate a Growth Mindset: Emphasize learning and improvement over immediate outcomes. Frame challenges as opportunities to develop skills rather than tests of worth.
Set Process-Oriented Goals: Focus on specific, measurable actions that contribute to improvement rather than solely on end results. For example, instead of aiming to win a competition, set goals for mastering specific techniques or improving personal bests.
Practice Mindfulness and Self-Compassion: These practices can help mitigate negative thoughts and emotions. Mindfulness allows individuals to stay present and engaged, while self-compassion fosters a kinder inner dialogue, reducing pressure.
Emphasize Team Support and Collaboration: In team settings, encourage a culture of support rather than competition. Celebrate each other’s progress and achievements to create an environment focused on collective growth.
Regular Reflection: Incorporate time for self-reflection to assess progress, recognize improvements, and adjust goals. This can reinforce the value of personal mastery and help shift focus from external comparisons.
Focus on Enjoyment and Passion: Reconnect with the joy of the activity itself. Reminding oneself of the intrinsic motivations can help alleviate the pressure of performance.
By fostering a culture of progress and personal mastery, individuals can navigate high performance with a more balanced approach, minimizing undue stress and enhancing overall fulfillment in their pursuits.
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Reference:
Lochbaum, Marc & Kazak, Zişan. (2016). Task and Ego Goal Orientations in Competitive Sport: A Quantitative Review of the Literature from 1989 to 2016.
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